pH is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. It is a numerical scale that indicates the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution.
The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, where a pH of 7 is considered neutral.
A pH below 7 indicates acidity, while a pH above 7 indicates alkalinity.
The pH scale is logarithmic, meaning that each unit represents a tenfold difference in acidity or alkalinity.
For example, a solution with a pH of 4 is ten times more acidic than a solution with a pH of 5,
and a solution with a pH of 9 is ten times more alkaline than a solution with a pH of 8.
pH is determined by the balance between hydrogen ions (H+) and hydroxide ions (OH-) in a solution.
In acidic solutions, there is a higher concentration of hydrogen ions, while in alkaline solutions,
there is a higher concentration of hydroxide ions.